I think what you’re missing for #2 is “tool paths”. Autodesk has an article about the topic Machining Fundamentals: Introduction to Toolpaths - Fusion Blog which also links to their video series.
There are numerous programs to create tool paths from a .svg or .dxf file and generate GCode. Some are free and some are paid.
Here’s a list of apps from one of the Maslow repos CAM (G code generation) programs · MaslowCNC/GroundControl Wiki · GitHub
Here’s an old thread that covers the process using FreeCAD Step by Step guide to creating GCode for the Maslow with FreeCAD
Estlcam is another free app and the developer has a comprehensive video here https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oQw0z3NS5lY
Here’s a video covering the process using Fusion360 (by Autodesk) which can be free or paid, depending on your use https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nsDmHzSLEig
Another resource I can point to is the CNC With Me community that recently started over at https://www.cncwithme.com/. It’s a paid subscription but there are lots of files and video content as part of the subscription including detailed walkthrus on creating tool paths for various types of CNC projects.